As the number of Indian-origin residents in the United States has swelled north of 4 million, the communitys diversity too has grown. Not Indian-Americans, simply Americans. Around the same time, Nina Davuluri (who was crowned Miss America 2014) remarked, The fact that I am rooted in Indian culture helped me win [the] Miss America pageant.11. Want the news delivered straight to your inbox? Just 24 percent of Indian Americans who have lived in the United States between one and ten years identify as Indian American, compared to 41 percent of those who have been here for eleven to twenty-five years and 53 percent of those who have been here for more than twenty-five years. Minnesota has proportionally fewer immigrants compared to the nation as a whole, but we have long been a state shaped by immigration. 16 Of those born outside of the United States, 80 percent were born in India. Immigrants from Mexico and Central America are less likely to be high school graduates than the U.S. born (54% and 47%, respectively, do not have a high school diploma, vs. 8% of U.S. born). What do the social networks of Indian Americans look like? Thirty-six percent of Hindus with a household income below $50,000 identify with caste, but that share rises to 50 percent among households making between $50,000$100,000 and 52 percent for those above $100,000. 45 Carroll Doherty, Which Party is More to Blame for Political Polarization? Eighteen percent of non-citizens reside in the United States on an H-4 visa, a category for immediate family members of H-1B visa holders. Results From the 2020 Indian American Attitudes Survey, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, October 14, 2020, https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/10/14/how-will-indian-americans-vote-results-from-2020-indian-american-attitudes-survey-pub-82929. 22 There is no one-to-one correspondence between Hindi and an Indian state of origin since the language is spoken across a broad swath of states, especially but not exclusively in north and central India. Early childhood risk, reach, and resilience. The largest origin group of refugees was the Democratic Republic of the Congo, followed by Burma (Myanmar), Ukraine, Eritrea and Afghanistan. The IAAS sample includes both citizens and non-U.S. citizens; the former category accounts for 77 percent of the survey respondents. These views, in turn, are further affected both by selection effects (who emigrates) and political dynamics in the country of settlement. Furthermore, respondents who did not disclose a caste identity were dropped from the data set. Nearly half of all Muslims (48 percent) say they attend religious services regularly as well. These sentiments are a far cry from those expressed by a special commission established by the U.S. Congress whose 1911 report declared that Hindus were universally regarded as the least desirable race of immigrants thus far admitted to the United States.3 More than a century laterfrom Silicon Valley CEOs to White House power brokers and influential members of Congress to leaders in fields like journalism, health, science, and engineeringthe emergence of the Indian diaspora is a remarkable coming-of-age story. This report examines the Hispanic population of the United States by its 10 largest origin groups. Looking forward, immigrants and their descendants are projected to account for 88% of U.S. population growth through 2065, assuming current immigration trends continue. Comments. The survey asks respondents whether they participate in a set of holidays, some associated with India and others that are either associated with the United States or are more global in nature. Overall, the Indian American population is highly educated compared to the U.S. average (see figure 3), as other studies have suggested.19 Nearly three-fourths have a college education40 percent of respondents have completed a postgraduate education and another 33 percent have finished four years of undergraduate study. The next largest origin groups were those from China (6%), India (6%), the Philippines (4%) and El Salvador (3%). Seventy-seven percent of foreign-born Indian Americans fall into this category, compared to just 40 percent of U.S.-born Indian Americans. Given the relatively small share of Christians in the Indian American community, this suggests that Christmas is celebrated more on cultural than religious grounds. Nearly one in four respondents reports no particular attachment to a state of origin. 35 While this might seem counterintuitive, this finding is explained by the fact that U.S.-born respondents are significantly more likely to identify as more American than Indian. Thirty-seven percent of Congress supporters are somewhat comfortable having friends who support the BJP (identical to the share of BJP supporters who are somewhat comfortable having Congress friends), but just 23 percent say they are very comfortable having BJP supporters as friends (for BJP supporters, the analogous share is 35 percent). The brightness of a country corresponds to its total migration to the U.S. at the given time. As one might expect, first-generation (foreign-born) and second-generation (U.S.-born) respondents approach this question differently (see figure 12). YouGov maintains a proprietary, double opt-in survey panel comprised of 1.8 million U.S. residents who have agreed to participate in YouGovs surveys. 56 To find details on the Economist-YouGov collaboration or to compare some of the IAAS findings on Indian Americans with the American population more generally, visit https://today.yougov.com/topics/economist/survey-results. Thirty-one percent respond that it is a major problem, 53 percent believe it is a minor problem, and a small minority (17 percent) believe it is not a problem at all. The survey furthers asks respondents to assess whether they believe that domestic politics in India might be creating or exacerbating divisions within the Indian American community. The previous section demonstrated that, for many Indian Americans, shared religious affiliation is the most important characteristic of respondents social networks. Christians are the most observant group as far as attending religious services is concerned. But religion only narrowly edges out the role of Indias political leadership (56 percent) for the top spot, and political parties (47 percent) are not far behind. A quarter said legal immigration to the U.S. should be decreased (24%), while one-third (38%) said immigration should be kept at its present level and almost another third (32%) said immigration should be increased. Today, one in five Minnesota children is the child of an immigrant. Yet these views vary starkly by political affiliation. First, the survey asked respondents how important being Indian is to their identity. The survey also queries respondents about whether they participated, over the past twelve months, in any of five political activities: volunteering or working on a political campaign; posting comments online about politics; discussing politics with friends and family; contributing money to a candidate, party, or campaign organization; or contacting their elected representative or another government official. For complete survey topline results, please visit Appendix B online. All of the analyses in this study were conducted using the statistical software R and employ sample weights to ensure representativeness. This represents 19.1% of the 244 million international migrants worldwide, and 14.4% of the United States' population. See More by this Creator. As the figure demonstrates, foreign-born Indian Americans are significantly more likely to have a spouse or partner who is of Indian origin and born in India. Of the 337,000 immigrants deported in 2018, some 44% had criminal convictions and 56% were not convicted of a crime. 8 See, inter alia, Thenmozhi Soundararajan, A New Lawsuit Shines a Light on Caste Discrimination in the U.S. and Around the World, Washington Post, July 13, 2020, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/07/13/new-lawsuit-shines-light-caste-discrimination-us-around-world/; and Yashica Dutt, The Specter of Caste in Silicon Valley, New York Times, July 14, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/14/opinion/caste-cisco-indian-americans-discrimination.html. Kind to each other and to everyone else in your comments. The Dallas Express is a non-profit organization funded by charitable support and advertising. They alone account for 4.6% of the civilian labor force, a dip from their peak of 5.4% in 2007. The low rate of political giving for non-citizens is expected given that non-citizens are forbidden from making political donations unless they are permanent residents (that is, they possess a green card). Share with Friends Add To Playlist. 7 The term Dalit refers to individuals who occupy the lowermost rungs of the traditional Hindu caste hierarchy. Its findings are based on a nationally representative online survey of 1,200 Indian American residents in the United Statesthe 2020 Indian American Attitudes Survey (IAAS)conducted between September 1 and September 20, 2020, in partnership with the research and analytics firm YouGov. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nations population. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This is identical to the share of all Americans who report attending services at least once a week, based on a 2020 Pew survey.25 Forty percent, the modal category, of Indian Americans report attending religious services once or twice a month or just a few times a year. From 2001 to 2018, a majority (60%) of immigrants deported have not been convicted of a crime. Muslims report the greatest degree of religious discrimination by far (39 percent), followed by Hindus (18 percent), Christians (15 percent), and believers of other faiths (9 percent). The pattern is similar when it comes to caste, although nearly one-quarter of respondents claim they do not know what share of their friends belong to their caste group, suggesting that caste is a less salient category for a significant segment of IAAS respondents. The survey asks respondents whetherin the past one yearthey participated in any of four common methods of civic engagement: working with others in their community to solve a problem; performing voluntary community service without pay; attending a public meeting, such as for a school board or city council; or attending a protest march, demonstration, or rally. In fiscal year 2019, about 800,000 immigrants applied for naturalization. After all, for more than two decades, the Indian diaspora in the United States has been a critical bridge-builder between the two countries.52 But with divisions in the community more apparent and increasingly linked to political disputes in India, we have suggested elsewhere that the diasporas unity of purpose could suffer a setback.53. . 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